Estonia continues preparations for its first 600MW nuclear power plant

Estonia is preparing for the next steps related to the country's first nuclear power plant. The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications has launched a tender to prepare a strategic plan and an environmental impact assessment programme. As part of the next steps, the country is expected to identify a suitable site for a 600 MW power plant within the selected area. The company planning to build the nuclear power plant selected the BWRX-300 small modular reactor some time ago. If everything goes smoothly, the two new nuclear units could start generating electricity within 10 years.

Estonia's Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications announced a public tender for consultancy services related to the country's first nuclear power plant. The ministry expects the work to focus in particular on the preliminary selection of a suitable site and an assessment of the plant's impact on its surroundings. A total of 16 studies will assess the relevant economic, cultural, social and environmental impacts of building the plant.

“We look forward to qualified companies taking part and contributing to the development of Estonia's energy security. This is an opportunity to prepare the way for the future of electricity generation in Estonia. If a decision is made to build a nuclear power plant, a plan identifying the most suitable location and solution will already be waiting for the investor,” said Erkki Keldo, Minister of Economic Affairs and Industry.

The area preliminarily identified as a potential site for the plant is in the north of the country and covers around 1,300 square kilometres. Selecting a specific site, including plans for the required infrastructure and grid connection, is part of the tender's scope.

The Estonian government began planning the country's first nuclear power plant at the request of Fermi Energia AS in May this year. It also established a working group comprising representatives of 35 organisations to ensure the involvement of experts and communities.

Selection of a small modular reactor

Fermi Energia AS is leading the effort to build a nuclear power plant in Estonia. In 2019, the company launched a feasibility study into the suitability of building a small modular reactor in the country. In February 2023, the company selected the BWRX-300 small modular reactor from GE Vernova Hitachi Nuclear Energy.

“Building a nuclear power plant will provide more dispatchable generation capacity, lower prices for consumers and put the country in a stronger position in the energy market. It will also create new, well-paid jobs in the region, supporting demand for local services and, in turn, the development of the local economy,” Keldo added.

The BWRX-300 is a 300 MWe water-cooled modular reactor with natural circulation. Estonia's first plant could comprise two units. Fermi Energia plans to apply for a construction permit in 2029, with construction expected to begin in 2031. The first reactor is then expected to enter service in the second half of 2035.